URL - Uniform Resource Locator
When you click on a link in an HTML page, an underlying <a> tag points to an address on the world wide web.
A Uniform Resource Locator (URL) is used to address a document (or other data) on the world wide web.
A web address, like this: http://www.w3schools.com/html/default.asp follows these syntax rules:
scheme://host.domain:port/path/filename
Explanation:
- scheme - defines the type of Internet service. The most common type is http
- host - defines the domain host (the default host for http is www)
- domain - defines the Internet domain name, like w3schools.com
- :port - defines the port number at the host (the default port number for http is 80)
- path - defines a path at the server (If omitted, the document must be stored at the root directory of the web site)
- filename - defines the name of a document/resource
Common URL Schemes
The table below lists some common schemes:
| Scheme | Short for.... | Which pages will the scheme be used for... |
|---|---|---|
| http | HyperText Transfer Protocol | Common web pages starts with http://. Not encrypted |
| https | Secure HyperText Transfer Protocol | Secure web pages. All information exchanged are encrypted |
| ftp | File Transfer Protocol | For downloading or uploading files to a website. Useful for domain maintenance |
| file | A file on your computer |
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